🧲 How Is a Magnet Made and How Does It Work?

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🧠 What is a magnet?

A magnet is an object that can:

• Pull (attract) metals like iron
• Push or pull other magnets

Magnets have two ends called:

• North (N) pole
• South (S) pole

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⚙️ How does a magnet work? (Simple idea)

Inside many metals are tiny regions called magnetic domains.

• Each domain is like a tiny magnet
• Normally, these tiny magnets point in different directions
• When many domains line up → the object becomes a magnet

🧠 Aligned domains = magnet

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🏭 How is a magnet made?

1️⃣ By rubbing method (simple way)

• Rub an iron nail with a magnet in one direction
• This lines up the tiny domains
• The nail becomes a temporary magnet

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2️⃣ Using electricity (electromagnet) ⚡

• Wrap a wire around an iron nail
• Connect it to a battery
• Electric current flows and lines up domains

🧠 When electricity is ON → magnet works
🧠 When electricity is OFF → magnet stops

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3️⃣ In factories (strong magnets)

• Very strong magnetic fields are used
• Domains are lined up permanently
• This makes permanent magnets

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🧭 Why do magnets attract iron?

• Iron’s domains easily line up
• This makes iron jump toward the magnet

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🔄 Why do magnets attract and repel?

• Opposite poles attract (N + S)
• Same poles repel (N + N or S + S)

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🌍 Earth is a giant magnet!

• Earth has a magnetic field
• Compasses work because of it
• It helps us find directions

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🧠 Easy to remember

Magnets work when tiny magnets line up

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⭐ Fun facts for kids

• Magnets can work through paper and plastic
• Heat can weaken magnets
• Some animals use Earth’s magnetism to travel!

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